What Are Legal Requirements of Patent Description?

  When patent owner registers for their patent, one of the most important documents included in the dossiers is the patent’s description. Patent is a technical solution in the form of a product or process which is intended to solve a problem by application of natural laws. Patent description is very important which is aimed to reveal the nature of a patent for examiner to consider its ability if satisfying the protected conditions. Specifically, patent description must include the description and protection scope.

The description must completely disclose the nature of the technical solution sought to be registered. It must contain sufficient information based on which any person with average skill in the art can deduce the solution and also clarify the novelty, inventive steps and susceptibility of industrial application of the technical solution.

The description includes the following contents:

-Title of the invention, which briefly expresses the object or objects sought to be registered and must be brief and must not be of a promoting or advertising purpose;

-Use field of the patent: the field in which the object is utilized or to which the object is relevant;

-Technical state of the use field of the patent: The technical state of the above mentioned file at the time of;

-Technical nature of the patent: The nature of the object, in which clearly state the signs (characteristics) featuring the object and clearly indicate the signs (characteristics) which is new to those of known similar technical solutions;

-Brief description of attached drawings (if any);

-Detailed description of invention operating variations;

-Detailed description of invention operating variations;

-Benefits (effects) expected to be achieved.

Protection scope or protection claim of the patent:

The protection scope is used for determination the scope of industrial property rights to patent. The protection scope must be presented briefly and clearly in conformity with the description and drawings, making clear signs of novelty of the object sought to be protected and comply with the following regulations:

-The protection scope (claim) must be adequately demonstrated by the description, including prerequisite and sufficient substantial technical signs to identify the object, achieve the set objective and distinguish the object from a known object;

-Technical signs within the protection scope (claim) must be clear, precise and recognizable in the similar art;

-The protection scope (claim) should not invoke the description and drawings, except for invocation to parts that cannot be accurately described with words;

-If the application contains drawings illustrating the protection claim, signs presented in the protection scope (claim) may be accompanied with indication numbers put in brackets. Those indication numbers are not considered confining the protection scope (claim).

-The protection scope (claim) should (is not required to) be expressed in two sections: Restriction and Distinction. The section Restriction covers the title of the object and signs of the object that are identical to those of the latest known object and is connected to the section Distinction by the phrase distinguishable by or characterized by or equivalent expressions. The section Distinction covers signs that distinguish the object from the latest known object and are combined with signs of the section Restriction to constitute the object of protection claim.

-The protection scope (claim) may include one or more than one points. A multi-point protection scope (claim) may be used to present an object sought to be protected, with the first point (called independent point) and subsequent point(s) used to concretize the independent point (called dependent point(s)); or to present a group of objects sought to be protected, with several independent points, each presenting an object sought to be protected in the group. Such an independent point may have dependent point(s);

-A multi-point protection scope (claim) used to present a group of objects must satisfy the following requirements: Independent points presenting different objects must not invoke other points of the protection scope(claim), unless the invocation helps avoid total repetition of the content of another point; dependent points must immediately follow the independent point on which they are dependent.

Besides the description and protection scope, the patent abstract is also a compelled part in the dossier for patent registration. Accordingly, the patent abstract is used to concisely describe (with no more than 150 words) the nature of the patent. The abstract must disclose principal details of the nature of the technical solution for the informatory purpose and may contain typical drawings or formulas.

If the client needs any other information or requires for further advice, our IP attorney at law company, the IP agent in Vietnam will be available for service.

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Can Employer Terminate the Labor Contract with Employee Due To Covid 19 Outbreak?

  Due to intricate occurrence of Covid 19, many enterprises are forced themselves to reduce the number of employees for maintaining the operation financially. Specifically, the employer has to make difficult decision to terminate the labor contract with the employee. The termination of the labour contract has to be considered carefully because of potential legal risks brought up which dispute lawyers in labour should be consulted before execution. Within this post, we are not trying to resolve all cases but only aiming to brief some matters of concern for preparation.

The employer could refer to the regulation in the Labor Code which allows “an employer may unilaterally terminate a labor contract if as a result of natural disaster, fire or another force majeure event as prescribed by law, the employer, though having applied every remedial measure, has to scale down production and cut jobs. Force majeure in this case is understood as (i) Enemy-inflicates destruction, epidemics (ii) Relocation or narrowing of the production and business sites, at the request of competent State agencies.

In particular, after applying corrective measures, over the time, considering enterprise’s financial potential is insufficient as well as the business production is reduced significantly due to epidemic, the employer may consider unilaterally terminate labor contract with employee. However, employer still have to abide by or ensure the rights to employee regarding the interests which employee is entitle to receive when being unilaterally terminated labor contract includes salary, severance allowance, social insurance, payment for untaken leave days, the tax payment which employer must paid for employee. Besides, employer also is subject to pay a compensation if consented by both sides are employer and employee.

Firstly, employer is obliged to pay salary to employee timely and fully as in the agreed labor contract by both parties;

Secondly, employer is responsible for paying the severance allowance to employee whom has worked regularly for full 12 months or longer at the rate of half of a month’s wage for each working year.

Thirdly, social insurance, employer is responsible for the fulfill payment of social insurance and perform the closing insurance book for employee after terminate the labor contract according to the law of social insurance.

Fourthly, if the income of employee subject to personal income tax, employer must extract from the income of employee to submit the tax to tax agency according to law on personal income tax.

If the client needs any other information or requires for further advice, our lawyers at law company in Vietnam will be available for service.

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Complaints and Settlement of Complaints on Registration of Industrial Property

  According to the regulations of law on complaint, complain means a citizen, agency, organization, cadre or civil servant requests a competent agency, organization or person to review an administrative decision or act of a state administrative agency or competent person in such agency when having grounds to believe that such decision or act is unlawful and infringes upon their rights and lawful interests. Whereby, the decision or notification of National office of Intellectual property in Vietnam related to an industrial property subject is also an administrative decision and may be complained if the rights and benefit of interested parties to that industrial property subject are effected.

Who have right to file complaint in intellectual property registration?

According to current regulation of law on intellectual property regarding the complaint of industrial registration, the subjects who have the right to complain to intellectual property authority or file petition at the court include all organizations and individuals having the rights and benefit directly relate to the decision or notification of application on industrial property application.

How long is the timeline to file complaint in intellectual property registration?

The first complaint is conducted within ninety (90) days from the date when the persons who receive or know about the notification on proceeding the industrial property application. The second complaint is within thirties (30) days from the date of expired the duration for settlement of the first complaint.

What is complaint filing procedures in intellectual property registration?

Upon the expiry of the time limit for settling the first complaints and the complaint was not settled or the parties did not agree to the decision on settling the state authority, then complainant, the person who has the directly related right and benefits shall have the right to complain to Minister of Ministry of Science and Technology - MOIST (the second complaint) or file petition at the court. If the parties does not agree to the settlement decision of MOIST, then, the person whom file complaint and the persons who has directly related right and benefit to that decision may bring to case to the court.

What are the dossiers for filing complaint in intellectual property registration?

The dossiers for filing complaint include the following documents:

• The application with matters to be complained;
• The submission and evidence of complaint;
• The copy of decision or notification is subject to be complained;
• The copy of settlement decision for the first complaint (to the second complaint);
• Power of attorney (if submit the application via intellectual property agent i.e. ANT Lawyers).

What are settlement of complaint application?

Within ten (10) days from the date of receiving the complaint application, the person who has the competent of settling the complaint must examine the formal of application and issue the notification to the complainant whether the complaint application is being processed. In case of being processed, the person who has the competent of settling the complaint shall notify in written document to the parties who have directly related rights and benefits (“interested parties”) and set a time limit for them to provide opinions. Interested parties have the right to provide information, evidence for the opinion and the competent person is responsible for considering such submissions. At the end of the time limit, if there is no opinion from interested parties, the complaint shall be settled base on the opinions of the complainant.

What are decision of settling the complaint and publication of such?

Based on the arguments and evidence of complainant and interested parties, the competent person must issue the decision of settling the complaint within the duration as regulated of law on complaint. Before issue this decision, competent person notifies to the complainant and interested parties on the arguments and evidences of each party used to settle the complaint and the result of the complaint. The decision of settling the complaint is published on Industrial Gazette within 02 months from the date of signing the decision.

If the client needs help with handling such complaint, our intellectual property attorney at law company will be of help.

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Why Da Nang is a Place for Setting up Business

  Da Nang has been creating flexible policies, good environments attracting foreign investors setting up company, building factory, and developing service business.

Da Nang is a social and economic center of central area of Vietnam with the role as the center of industry, trade and tourism and service.  It is a seaport city, an important transport hub for the transit of domestic and international transportation. Presently, Da Nang has been rising as a comprehensive and sustainability developing city.

With the advantages of geographical location, people and nature, the leader of Da Nang is planning to build the city becoming a major tourist center of the country, developing tourism industry with entertainment centers and luxury resorts in Vietnam.

In practice, Da Nang has been reducing administrative procedures, creating favorable conditions for investors in obtaining certificate for investment.  In the meantime, the city also supports investors understanding the information and maintaining direct dialogue mode with businesses leaders and managers in order to promptly assist any difficulties encountered by investors in the process of project implementation. Da Nang's leaders are famous in being proactive in providing the latest information about the law in investment, especially information on the process of changing investment certificate... to facilitate the investment plan of the investors whom are investing in Da Nang.  For investment projects in infrastructure construction using ODA capital, the city has been quickly implemented the clearance and compensation in time to hand over the project site to the investors as planned.

To ensure the tourism environment and sustainable development, the city focuses on attracting projects in high technology industry, supporting industry and services with high added value i.e. information technology, education, healthcare and logistics..., especially favouring clean and quality projects rather than large projects but are likely to cause environmental issues.

Along with economic development, Da Nang also has activities and measures for environmental protection by investing in building projects to protect and improve the environment such as: modernization the sewer and wastewater treatment system (JICA), building east-west economic corridor (ADB)... to ensure sustainable and long term development of the economy.

An important element for economic development is the local security. Da Nang has done a great job in maintaining public security in order to guarantee investors a stable and safe political, social environment for investors.

It can be seen that Da Nang converges suitable elements and really is a promising land for investors both domestic and international, to invest in entertainment, real estate, tourism, IT, healthcare, education services.

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Which Areas Are Incentivized For Investment in Vietnam Under Decree No. 37/2020

  Investors are always interested in areas which government incentivize for investment in Vietnam, to enjoy benefits i.e. tax reduction, tax exemption, land usage…which give them some help to grow the business in areas which are not economically potential without the help from the government when setting up company in Vietnam.

According to the regulations on business investment in Vietnam in Decree No.118/2015/ND-CP, investment projects eligible for investment incentives are entitled to tax and land policies in their performance. Accordingly, for businesses that invest in industries or areas enjoying investment incentives, there will be many advantages related to tax and using land when performance business.

According to the provisions of Appendix I, Decree No.118/2015/ND-CP, the fields are preferentially invested in many fields such as science and technology, electronics, mechanics, material production, and information technology, agriculture, environmental protection, infrastructure construction, education, culture, sports, health activities of People's Credit Funds and microfinance institutions are specified in Appendix I Decree no. 118/2015/ND-CP.

However, with the continuous development of the economy, along with the development projects of many small and medium-sized enterprises, besides start-up projects, it is more suitable to the market economy and start-up situation of many investors, on March 30^th 2020, the Government has issued Decree No.37/2020/ND-CP supplementing the list of preferential investment industries which will take effect from May 15^th, 2020.

According to the provisions of Decree No. 37/2020/ND-CP, for business investment activities in accordance with the Law on Support for Small and Medium Enterprises with the following business lines which will be added to the list of industries to enjoy incentives for investment in Vietnam, including business investment in the product distribution chain of small and medium-sized enterprises, business investment in incubation facilities for small and medium-sized enterprises, business investment in technical facilities supporting small and medium-sized businesses, investing in a common working area for small and medium-sized start-ups.

The investors who invest in Vietnam in the business lines above in supporting industries for small and medium-sized enterprises from May 15, 2020, will be entitled to specific tax and land incentives specifically as required by law. Domestic and foreign investors could utilize the opportunity to make investment to enjoy the incentives in Vietnam when conducting businesses.

ANT Lawyers offer corporate establishment service to help clients with offices in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, and Da Nang.

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How To Determine The Child Custody in a Divorce?

  Upon divorce, in addition to dispute over property division, child custody dispute is also popular. How to determine the child custody in a divorce depends on many factors and the parties are suggested to consult with dispute lawyers in Vietnam in civil matters.  The following does not try to give legal advice but a brief opinions on the matters of concern for reference.

According to Vietnamese law, after a divorce, parents still have rights and obligations of looking after, caring for, raising and educating minor children or adult children losing their legal capacity or having no working capacity and no property to support themselves. The law always prioritizes agreement right of both parties. Accordingly, husband and wife shall reach agreement on the person who directly raises their children and on his and her obligations and rights toward their children after divorce. If they fail to reach agreement, the Court shall appoint one party to directly raise the children, based on the children’s benefits in all aspects. If a child is full 7 years or older, his/ her desire shall be considered. In addition, a under-36-months child shall be directly raised by the mother, unless the mother can not afford to directly look after, care for, raise and educate the child or otherwise agreed by the parents in accordance with the interests of the child.

In reality, opinion of the children is only regarded as orientation and reference for the Court to consider making decision, not as completely decisive meaning. The Court shall base on interests of the children to appoint one party to directly raise him/her, according to: living, current education of the children, occupation of the direct caretaker, accommodation condition after divorce, income, child care time… and some other elements of each party. Accordingly, the person being entitled to directly raise the children must prove themselves to provide the most favorable environment for normal development requirements of the children and have enough conditions for ensuring both economy and mental health. The person being entitled to directly raise the children must prove themselves to have enough material conditions (stable income, property, and accommodation…), mental condition (having enough time to be with the children, care for, raise them, always put the children at the forefront…) to make the children have more stable life and more developed than living with the other party. In addition, one of the parties can provide additional evidence to prove that the other party does not have enough material conditions and mental condition to raise the children or often has behaviors of violence, unstable income…

In case of request of a parent or individual, organization being entitled to request (Next of kin; The state management agency in charge of families; The state management agency in charge of children; The women’s union), the Court may decide to change the person directly raising a child. The change of the person directly raising a child shall be settled if there is one of the following grounds: (i) The parents agrees on change of the person directly raising a child in the interests of this child; (ii) The direct caretaker no longer has sufficient conditions to directly look after, care for, raise and educate the child. Like divorce settlement, desire of full-7-years or older child shall be considered in case of changing the person directly raising a child. Seeing that both parents fail to have sufficient conditions to directly raise a child, the Court shall decide to assign this child to a guardian.

Obligations and rights of indirect caretaker after divorce: (i) Respect the child’s right to live with the direct caretaker; (ii) Support this child; (iii) Visit and care for this child without being obstructed by any person after divorce. Direct caretaker is entitled to require the Court to restrict the right of the indirect caretaker if the latter takes advantage of his/her visit to and care for the child to prevent or adversely affect the looking after, care for, raising and education of this child.

In accordance with obligations and rights of indirect caretaker, direct caretaker also has obligations and rights toward indirect caretaker after divorce: (i) require the indirect caretaker to fulfill the obligations; (ii) require this person and family members to respect his/her right of raising the child; (iii) The direct caretaker and family members shall not prevent indirect caretaker from visiting, caring for, raising and educating this child.

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Opinion of Third Party Regarding the Grant of Protection Title

  According to the law on Intellectual Property of Vietnam, any third parties have the right to send opinion to the National Office of Intellectual Property in Vietnam (NOIP) regarding industrial property right, granting or not granting protection title to an application. When a third party may give the opinion and how NOIP will handle that opinion?

Firstly, the third party has the right to send opinion from the time of publishing the industrial publication on industrial Gazette till before the date of issuing the decision on granting protection title. Accordingly, the opinion must be in written form and attached the documents or sources of information for evidences. The written opinion of the third party is also a source of information for examining the industrial application.

Secondly, after the opinion of the third party submitted into NOIP, there would be the following cases:

-In case the opinion of the third party has legal grounds, NOIP will notify of the opinion to the applicant and set a time limit for applicant to reply to the written opinion. After receiving the response of the applicant, if necessary, NOIP informs that response of the applicant to the third party and set a time limit for third party to reply. After that time limit, NOIP shall process opinion of the applicant and the third party according to the evidence and arguments provided by the parties and documents included in the application. The third party shall also be informed of the results of substantive examination of corresponding application;

-In case the opinion of the third party is groundless, NOIP is not required to notify the applicant of those opinions but shall notify the third party of its refusal to consider the opinions, clearly stating the reason thereof;

-In case the opinion of the third party are related to the registration right, when finding it impossible to determine whether such opinions are supported with legal ground or not, NOIP shall notify the third party so that the latter can file a lawsuit to a competent court in accordance with regulations of the Civil Procedure Code. Within 01 month from the date on which the NOIP issues the notice, if the third party fails to send the NOIP the copy of the notice of case acceptance of the court, it will be considered that the third party has withdrawn the lawsuit and continue to process the application without the third party’s opinions. If the NOIP receives such copy within the abovementioned time limit, the NOIP shall suspend the application processing until the results of dispute settlement by the court are obtained. After the results of dispute settlement by the court are obtained, the application processing shall be resumed in accordance with those results.

Besides, during the above processing, NOIP may organize a face-to-face meeting between the third party and the applicant to further clarify the opposition.

If the client needs help with handling such complaint, our intellectual property attorney at law company will be of help.

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