How To Determine The Child Custody in a Divorce?

  Upon divorce, in addition to dispute over property division, child custody dispute is also popular. How to determine the child custody in a divorce depends on many factors and the parties are suggested to consult with dispute lawyers in Vietnam in civil matters.  The following does not try to give legal advice but a brief opinions on the matters of concern for reference.

According to Vietnamese law, after a divorce, parents still have rights and obligations of looking after, caring for, raising and educating minor children or adult children losing their legal capacity or having no working capacity and no property to support themselves. The law always prioritizes agreement right of both parties. Accordingly, husband and wife shall reach agreement on the person who directly raises their children and on his and her obligations and rights toward their children after divorce. If they fail to reach agreement, the Court shall appoint one party to directly raise the children, based on the children’s benefits in all aspects. If a child is full 7 years or older, his/ her desire shall be considered. In addition, a under-36-months child shall be directly raised by the mother, unless the mother can not afford to directly look after, care for, raise and educate the child or otherwise agreed by the parents in accordance with the interests of the child.

In reality, opinion of the children is only regarded as orientation and reference for the Court to consider making decision, not as completely decisive meaning. The Court shall base on interests of the children to appoint one party to directly raise him/her, according to: living, current education of the children, occupation of the direct caretaker, accommodation condition after divorce, income, child care time… and some other elements of each party. Accordingly, the person being entitled to directly raise the children must prove themselves to provide the most favorable environment for normal development requirements of the children and have enough conditions for ensuring both economy and mental health. The person being entitled to directly raise the children must prove themselves to have enough material conditions (stable income, property, and accommodation…), mental condition (having enough time to be with the children, care for, raise them, always put the children at the forefront…) to make the children have more stable life and more developed than living with the other party. In addition, one of the parties can provide additional evidence to prove that the other party does not have enough material conditions and mental condition to raise the children or often has behaviors of violence, unstable income…

In case of request of a parent or individual, organization being entitled to request (Next of kin; The state management agency in charge of families; The state management agency in charge of children; The women’s union), the Court may decide to change the person directly raising a child. The change of the person directly raising a child shall be settled if there is one of the following grounds: (i) The parents agrees on change of the person directly raising a child in the interests of this child; (ii) The direct caretaker no longer has sufficient conditions to directly look after, care for, raise and educate the child. Like divorce settlement, desire of full-7-years or older child shall be considered in case of changing the person directly raising a child. Seeing that both parents fail to have sufficient conditions to directly raise a child, the Court shall decide to assign this child to a guardian.

Obligations and rights of indirect caretaker after divorce: (i) Respect the child’s right to live with the direct caretaker; (ii) Support this child; (iii) Visit and care for this child without being obstructed by any person after divorce. Direct caretaker is entitled to require the Court to restrict the right of the indirect caretaker if the latter takes advantage of his/her visit to and care for the child to prevent or adversely affect the looking after, care for, raising and education of this child.

In accordance with obligations and rights of indirect caretaker, direct caretaker also has obligations and rights toward indirect caretaker after divorce: (i) require the indirect caretaker to fulfill the obligations; (ii) require this person and family members to respect his/her right of raising the child; (iii) The direct caretaker and family members shall not prevent indirect caretaker from visiting, caring for, raising and educating this child.

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Opinion of Third Party Regarding the Grant of Protection Title

  According to the law on Intellectual Property of Vietnam, any third parties have the right to send opinion to the National Office of Intellectual Property in Vietnam (NOIP) regarding industrial property right, granting or not granting protection title to an application. When a third party may give the opinion and how NOIP will handle that opinion?

Firstly, the third party has the right to send opinion from the time of publishing the industrial publication on industrial Gazette till before the date of issuing the decision on granting protection title. Accordingly, the opinion must be in written form and attached the documents or sources of information for evidences. The written opinion of the third party is also a source of information for examining the industrial application.

Secondly, after the opinion of the third party submitted into NOIP, there would be the following cases:

-In case the opinion of the third party has legal grounds, NOIP will notify of the opinion to the applicant and set a time limit for applicant to reply to the written opinion. After receiving the response of the applicant, if necessary, NOIP informs that response of the applicant to the third party and set a time limit for third party to reply. After that time limit, NOIP shall process opinion of the applicant and the third party according to the evidence and arguments provided by the parties and documents included in the application. The third party shall also be informed of the results of substantive examination of corresponding application;

-In case the opinion of the third party is groundless, NOIP is not required to notify the applicant of those opinions but shall notify the third party of its refusal to consider the opinions, clearly stating the reason thereof;

-In case the opinion of the third party are related to the registration right, when finding it impossible to determine whether such opinions are supported with legal ground or not, NOIP shall notify the third party so that the latter can file a lawsuit to a competent court in accordance with regulations of the Civil Procedure Code. Within 01 month from the date on which the NOIP issues the notice, if the third party fails to send the NOIP the copy of the notice of case acceptance of the court, it will be considered that the third party has withdrawn the lawsuit and continue to process the application without the third party’s opinions. If the NOIP receives such copy within the abovementioned time limit, the NOIP shall suspend the application processing until the results of dispute settlement by the court are obtained. After the results of dispute settlement by the court are obtained, the application processing shall be resumed in accordance with those results.

Besides, during the above processing, NOIP may organize a face-to-face meeting between the third party and the applicant to further clarify the opposition.

If the client needs help with handling such complaint, our intellectual property attorney at law company will be of help.

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How to Set up Foreign Owned Company in IT and Computer Related Service?

  Information technology and computer related service have played an extremely important role in life as well as in business activities on global scale.  The industrial revolution 4.0 has comprised of many technologies and IT and computer service take a big part of such.  The laws of Vietnam and the international commitments to which Vietnam is a party have no restrictions on foreign investors in terms of both the form of investment and the proportion of capital contribution in business in this field. Further, Vietnam prioritizes and encourages development in the field of IT and computer services which is considered attracting high level of intelligence and green business.  The investors have grown confidence in Vietnam’s increasingly improved legal systems to protect the Intellectual Property rights in trademark and copyright to protect the company and individuals to exploit economic benefits in IT and computer related service areas.

IT is the core foundation of smart city, intelligent transport system, intelligent education.  Computer services and related services include: consulting services related to computer hardware installation, software implementation services, data processing services, database services, services maintenance and maintenance of office machinery and equipment, including computers and other computer services.

Under Vietnam's WTO commitments, foreign investors are allowed to set up 100% foreign-invested enterprises to conduct business in IT and computer services and related services. At the same time, it is allowed for computer service business enterprises to set up branches when there is a need to generate additional business activities at locations outside the head office of the enterprise.

To establish an enterprise with 100% foreign invested capital, investors need to apply for an Investment Registration Certificate in accordance with the Law on Investment 2014 and an Enterprise Registration Certificate in accordance with the Law on Enterprise 2014.

A dossier of application for an Investment Registration Certificate comprises: a written request for implementation of an investment project; copy of identity card, citizen identity card or passport for individual investor and copy of establishment certificate or equivalent document certifying legal status for institutional investor; investment project proposal; copies of the latest 2-year financial statements or commitment of financial support of the parent company or financial institution or guarantee of investor's financial capacity or documents explaining the financial capacity of the house invest; a copy of the location lease agreement or other documents certifying that the investor has the right to use the project location. If the project uses technologies on the list of technologies restricted from transfer, the explanation of the use of technologies must be submitted. Within 15 days from the date of receiving the complete and valid file, the Department of Planning and Investment will issue the Investment Registration Certificate to the foreign investor.

An Enterprise Registration Certificate dossier comprises: an application for enterprise registration; enterprise's regulations; a list of members of a limited liability company with two or more members or a list of general partners; a notarized copy of identity card or valid passport of individual member; a notarized copy of the Enterprise Registration Certificate of the organization's member; a notarized copy of valid identity card or passport of the organization's legal representative; copy of Investment Registration Certificate. After 03 working days from the date of receiving a complete and valid dossier, the Department of Planning and Investment will issue an Enterprise Registration Certificate.

For the establishment of a branch, a dependent unit of the enterprise, tasked to perform all or a part of the functions of the enterprise, including an authorized representative function, business lines of a branch must be consistent with the business line of the enterprise. When registering a branch operation, the enterprise must send a notice of setting up the branch to the Business Registration Office where the branch is located. A dossier of establishment of a branch comprises of a notice of establishment of a branch; branch establishment decisions; decisions to appoint branch heads; minutes of meeting of establishment of branch; copy of the Business Registration Certificate; copy of identity card or Passport of the head of branch. Within 3 working days after receiving a valid dossier, the Enterprise Registration Office shall grant a branch operation registration certificate.

The investors should pay attention to legal compliance since incorporation and during the operation in accordance with the law.  Law company our with offices in Hanoi, HCMC and Da Nang will be helping the clients to ensure the efficient operation from legal perspective.

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Benefits of Investors in Setting up a Business in Da Nang

  Da Nang is one of the five major cities in Vietnam, having a geographical location that is particularly conducive to rapid and sustainable economic development. Da Nang has important transportation routes such as the China-ASEAN international railway crossings, seaports and international airports.

Da Nang is one of the tourist centers of the country, has rich tourism potential including natural tourism resources and humanities. Da Nang has many famous scenic spots such as Hai Van pass, Son Tra mountain, Ba Na hills, Ngu Hanh Son, Cham Museum or My Khe beach have been voted by Forbes magazine as one of the six most beautiful beaches in the world. These conditions are favorable for the development of diversified forms of tourism such as travel, research, cultural.

Da Nang have infrastructure development, four types of roads are popular: high way, rail way, International airport and International sea way. Da Nang have the sea lanes to most major ports in Vietnam and around the world. It helps investor more convenient to travel everywhere in Vietnam and other countries. Moreover, Da Nang's water supply, electricity supply and communication system has developed rapidly and is increasingly modernized, ranking third in the whole country after Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Da Nang have Da Nang Port, which help investor in import/export activities easily.

The first advantage of the policy mechanism is that Da Nang has also had great support the mechanism and policies for socio-economic development of Da Nang. Since Da Nang was recognized as a national grade I city in 2003, Da Nang has implemented guidelines, regulatory directions and the issuance of specific regulatory mechanisms. With the support from the Central Government, Da Nang authorities have also developed appropriate policies and mechanisms to facilitate the development of the economy, such as the one-stop-shopping mechanism, so Da Nang which is considered as a locality with attracting investment policies in Vietnam. Examples: Procedures related to investment, investment locations, clearance and handover plan, the granting of business registration certificates and investment preference certificates shall be carried out under the one-stop-shopping mechanism at the provincial municipal all of them are resolved at Da Nang Administration Center. Investors shall be exempt from all expenses related to the settlement of investment procedures apart from the payment of business registration fees according to the provisions of law. When investing in Da Nang, investors not only enjoy many preferential policy from city government but also have chance to find clients from many countries or compete with other companies in Vietnam and foreign countries.

Tradition of unity, consensus of people and the dynamism and creativity of the leadership, these advantages has aroused, mobilized the strength, the most important and decisive resource for the development of Da Nang. The determination of leaders, city authorities in building programs, projects with the support of the people, investors, enterprises, ect that help investors who will invest in Da Nang have highest benefits.

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What To Do When the Trademark Certificate is Misplaced?

  Trademark is a type of asset of individual and organization. To be officially recognized as an owner of that trademark, the applicant needs to submit the trademark registration dossiers to National Office of Intellectual Property in Vietnam (NOIP), pay the examination fee and certificate issuance fee to receive the trademark certificate.

The trademark owner needs to have the consciousness of protecting the trademark certificate. However, if unfortunately, the trademark certificate is misplaced, lost or damaged, torn, stained or faded out that it can no longer be used, the trademark owner may submit the dossier to NOIP to request for regranting the trademark certificate.

The specific required documents for re-granting the trademark certificate are:

• The declaration for regranting the trademark certificate;
• 01 mark specimen;
• Power of attorney (if submit the dossiers via IP agent).

NOIP will consider the dossier within 01 month from the date of submitting. In case the dossier satisfies the provisions of law, NOIP will issue the decision to regrant the trademark certificate and record into the National Register of Industrial Property. The information in the duplicate version of the trademark certificate will present sufficiently the information in the first-granted trademark certificate and attached with the phrase “regranting version”.

In case of request for regranting the trademark certificate does not meet the provisions of law, NOIP will issue the denied decision and clearly sates the reasons.

If the client needs any other information or requires for further advice, our IP attorney at ANT Lawyers, the IP agent in Vietnam will be available for service.

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“First to File” Principle in Intellectual Property Registration

 

 First to file principle is one of the two principles in protecting industrial property besides priority principle.

Accordingly, in case many applications are filed for registration of the same invention or similar inventions, or for registration of industrial designs identical with or insignificantly different from one another, the protection title may only be granted to the valid application with the earliest priority or filing date among applications satisfying all the conditions for the grant of a protection title.

Regarding trademark, in case there are more than one applications filed by different persons for registration of identical or confusingly similar marks for identical or similar products or services, or in case there are more than one applications filed by the same person for registration of identical marks for identical products or services, the protection title may only be granted for the mark in the valid application with the earliest priority or filing date among applications satisfying all the conditions for the grant of a protection title.

In case there are many registration applications specified above and satisfying all the conditions for the grant of a protection title and having the same earliest priority or filing date, the protection title may only be granted for the object of a single application out of these applications under an agreement of all applicants. Without such agreement, all relevant objects of these applications will be refused for the grant of a protection title.

To be concluded, this principle makes sure that one object of industrial property is granted for only one person or one organization. If the owner of object of industrial property could not consent to an agreement, all relevant objects of these applications will be refused for the grant of a protection title.

If the client needs help with handling such complaint, our intellectual property attorney at law company will be of help.

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How to Send Vietnamese Workers Working Abroad Under Contracts?

 

 Decree No. 38/2020/ND-CP detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the law on Vietnamese workers working abroad under contracts has been signed by the Government on April 3, 2020 taking effect from May 20, 2020.

This Decree prescribes the areas and jobs workers must not go to work abroad; licenses, conditions and procedures for the grant or replacement of licenses for provision of services to send workers abroad; deposits of service-providing enterprises sending laborers to work abroad; deposits, management and use of deposits of enterprises performing the intern labor contract. Specifically:

Up to seven jobs are not allowed to for Vietnamese workers to work abroad including: massaging in the restaurants, hotels or entertainment centers; the work must be in constant contact with explosives, toxic substances in the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals (copper, lead, mercury, silver and zinc), regular contact with manganese, mercury dioxide; the work must be in contact with open radioactive sources, exploiting radioactive ores of all kinds; the production and packaging must be in constant contact with the chemicals of nitric acid, sodium sulfate, carbon disulfide, pesticides, herbicides, rat poison, antiseptic, and anti-termite with strong toxicity; hunting for wild animals, crocodiles and sharks; regular work in places where there is lack of air, high pressure (underground, in the ocean); shrouding, burial corpses, cremating corpses, exhuming graves.

In addition, it is prohibited to send workers to war zones or areas at risk of war, areas where radiation is being contaminated, areas contaminated with poison or areas with particularly dangerous epidemics.

For service-providing enterprises sending laborers to work overseas, to set up company, and comply with the law, they must meet the following conditions among others: the legal capital is not lower than VND 5,000,000,000 (five billion Vietnam dong); having owners, all members and shareholders being domestic investors under the provisions of the Law on Investment 2014; having an operation plan to send workers to work abroad; having a specialized apparatus and material foundations to organize the training of necessary knowledge for workers before going to work abroad and activities of sending laborers to work abroad; deposit VND 1,000,000,000 (one billion Vietnam dong) at commercial banks licensed to operate in Vietnam.

The enterprise sending workers to work abroad upon the form of practice for skills improvement makes deposit to account at commercial bank. The level of deposit of an enterprise sending workers to work abroad upon the form of practice for skills improvement is equal to 10% of the ordinary flight ticket of one class at the time the enterprise deposits from the country where the employee works. The number of workers going to work abroad in Vietnam under the Contract of accepting internships has been registered.

In addition, this Decree also stipulates the conditions for activities of sending laborers to work in the territory of Taiwan, to practice skills in Japan and to work as domestic servants in the host country of Middle East region.

The interested individuals and organizations should pay attention to implement details of the regulation or seek lawyers in the labour management areas for consultation.

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