Regulations on opening individual payment account by electronic method

 

 On December 4, 2020, the State Bank of Vietnam issued Circular No. 16/2020/TT-NHNN amending and supplementing a number of articles of Circular No. 23/2014/TT-NHNN dated August 19, 2014 of The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam guides the opening and use of a payment account at a payment service supplier. Accordingly, the State Bank has supplemented instructions to open individual payment accounts by electronic method.

Banks and/or foreign bank branches that open payment accounts by electronic method must develop, promulgate and publicize the process and procedures for opening payment accounts by electronic method in accordance with regulations of the law, include at least the following steps: collect information about the application for opening a payment account as prescribed; check, compare and verify customer identification information; warn customers about actions not performed in the process of opening and using payment accounts opened electronically; provide the customer with the content of an agreement to open and use a payment account as prescribed and enter into an agreement to open and use a payment account with the customer; notify customers of the number, the name of the current account, the transaction limit through the current account and the date of commencement of operation of the checking account to the customer.

Banks and/or foreign bank branches shall evaluate on technological conditions to assess risks, determine the scope of use and decide to apply transaction limits via customers' checking payment account by electronic method but must ensure that the total transaction value limit (debit) through that customer's payment accounts does not exceed VND 100 million/month/customer.

Banks and/or foreign bank branches may decide to apply a transaction limit via an electronic payment account that is higher than the above limit in one of the following cases: banks, foreign bank branches apply video call to collect, check and verify customer identification information in the process of opening payment accounts to ensure efficiency such as identification and verification of customer information through face-to-face methods; banks and/or foreign bank branches apply the technology to check and compare customers' biometric characteristics with citizen biometric data through the citizen identification database; after the bank, foreign bank branch has implemented the identification and verification of customer information through face-to-face meeting with the account holder; money transfer transactions for electronic savings and term deposits for the account holders at such banks, foreign bank branches; in cases where banks, foreign bank branches are allowed to actively debit the customers' payment accounts as prescribed.

Opening payment accounts by electronic method specified in this Article does not apply to joint payment accounts, individual customer who is foreigner; a person who is aged between exactly 15 and nearly 18 years and does not have his/her incapacity or restricted capacity for civil acts; a person who is under the age of 15, has restricted capacity for civil acts or is incapable of civil acts as defined by the Law of Vietnam is entitled to open a current account via his/her legal representative; a person who has limited cognition and behavioral control as defined by the Law of Vietnam may open a current account via his/her guardian.

This Circular takes effect on March 5, 2021.

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Preferential import and export tariff according to EVFTA for the period 2020-2022

 

 On September 18, 2020, the Government issued Decree No. 111/2020/ND-CP on Vietnam's Preferential Export Tariffs and Special Preferential Import Tariffs to implement the Free Trade Agreement between The Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the European Union (EVFTA Agreement) for the period 2020-2022.

Accordingly, the Decree stipulates the Preferential Export Tariff, the Special Preferential Import Tariff of Vietnam to implement the EVFTA Agreement and the conditions for enjoying preferential export tax rates and special preferential import tax rates according to this Agreement.

The preferential export tariff specified in Appendix I to this Decree includes product code, description of goods, and preferential export tax rates for different stages when exporting to a territory under the EVFTA Agreement, including: European Union member territories; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland for each code.

Goods exported from Vietnam to which the preferential export tax rates are applied must satisfy the following conditions: to be imported into any territory specified in the EVFTA Agreement, including member territories of the European Union, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; have transport documents (copy) showing the destination is the above territories; have the import customs declaration of the export consignment of Vietnamese origin imported into the aforesaid territories (the copy and translation in English or Vietnamese in case the language used on the declaration is not English).

Vietnam's special preferential import tariff for the implementation of the EVFTA Agreement is specified in Appendix II to this Decree, including product code, description, and special preferential import tax rates according to stages are imported from the European Union member territory; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; The Principality of Ando; The Republic of San Morocco and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Goods imported from non-tariff zones to the domestic market) for each product code.

Imported goods eligible for special preferential import tax rates under the EVFTA Agreement must satisfy the following conditions: in the Special Preferential Import Tariff specified in Appendix II to this Decree; be imported into Vietnam from the member territory of the European Union; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; The Principality of Ando; Republic of San Mary; and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Goods imported from non-tariff zones to the domestic market); meeting the rules of origin of goods and having proof of origin in accordance with the provisions of the EVFTA Agreement.

The provisions of this Decree only apply to goods exported from Vietnam to the the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and goods imported into Vietnam from the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland for the period from August 1, 2020, to the end of December 31, 2020.

This Decree takes effect from the date of signing.

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How to Distinguish between Deposit and Advance Payment?

 

 In commercial transactions, it is very common for one party to give the other party an amount of money before the contract being performed. Should this amount be considered as deposit or advance payment?

Deposit is one of security measures for the performance of contract obligations. According to regulation of Civil Code 2015, deposit is an act whereby one party (hereinafter referred to as the depositor) gives to other party (hereinafter referred to as the depositary) a sum of money or precious metals, gemstones or other valuable things (hereinafter referred to as the deposited property) for a period of time as security for the entering into or performance of a contract.

Upon a contract being entered into or performed, any deposited property shall be returned to the depositor, or deducted from the amount of payment obligation. If the depositor refuses to enter into or perform the contract, the deposited property shall belong to the depositary. In case the depositary refuses to enter into or perform the contract, the depositary must return the deposited property and pay an amount equivalent to the value of the deposited property to the depositor, unless otherwise agreed.

It can be seen that the purpose of deposit is to ensure the entering into or performance of a contract. Due to the fact that its nature is a security measure for the performance of contract obligations, sanction is set in regulation of deposit in case one party refuses to perform the agreement.

In practice, the advance payment can be understood that the obligor pays the obligee a sum of money in advance and this amount is regarded as in-advance performance of a payment obligation. As the nature of the advance is not a security measure for the performance of contract obligations, there is no fine rising from the advance if one party refuses to perform the agreement. Further, when a contracting party gives to the other party a sum of money, which is not clearly identified by the parties as a deposit or an advance, such amount shall be considered an advance payment.

It is important to distinguish the difference between deposit and advance payment to avoid potential disputes in performance the contract or consult with dispute resolution lawyers at early stage of the dispute for proper actions.

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Receipt of Application for Anti-dumping Measures on Welding Materials From China, Thailand and Malaysia

 

 On January 21^th, 2021, Trade Remedies Authority of Vietnam (Investigating Authority) received Dossier from a company which is the representative of the domestic manufacturing (Requesting Party) requesting for the application of the anti-dumping measures on some types of welding materials originating from People's Republic of China, Kingdom of Thailand and Malaysia.

On February 01^st, 2021, Investigating Authority confirmed that Dossier was complete, valid according to regulations of law on trade remedies.

Within 45 days of the receipt of a complete, valid Dossier, the Investigating Authority shall examine the Dossier to submit to the Minister of Industry and Trade for consideration for conducting an investigation.

Contents of Dossier examination include: (i) Determine qualification of the legal representative of the domestic manufacturing of organization, individual that submitted the Dossier according to regulation of Law on Foreign Trade Management; (ii) Determine evidence on the dumping of imported goods that caused or threatened to cause significant injury to a domestic manufacturing or significantly prevent the formation of a domestic manufacturing.

Our international trade and competition lawyers at Company of law will always follow the development from authorities to provide update to our clients.

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Whom is Exempted from Work Permit Since 2021?

 

 On December 30, 2020, the Government issued Decree No. 152/2020/ND-CP regulating foreign workers working in Vietnam and recruiting and managing Vietnamese employees to work for the foreign employers in Vietnam.

In which, foreign workers in Vietnam are not required to be granted work permits include:

The employee is the owner or capital contributor of a limited liability company with a capital contribution of at least 3 billion VND; Chairman of the Board of Directors or a member of the Board of Directors of a joint stock company with a capital contribution of at least 3 billion VND;

Intra-corporate transferees within 11 service sectors in Vietnam's service commitment schedule with the World Trade Organization, including: business services, communication services, construction services, distribution services, educational services, environmental services, financial services, health services, tourism services, recreational and cultural services, and transport services;

The person responsible for establishing a commercial presence;

The employee enters Vietnam to work as manager, executive, expert or technical worker for a working time of less than 30 days and not more than 3 times a year;

The employee who enters Vietnam for a period of less than 03 months to offer services;

The employee enters Vietnam for a period of less than 03 months to handle complicated incidents, technical or technological situations that affect or risk affecting production and business that Vietnamese experts and the foreign experts currently in Vietnam cannot handle it;

Foreign lawyer who has been granted a law practice license in Vietnam in accordance with the Law on Lawyers; The employee is licensed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to operate information and press in Vietnam in accordance with the law; The person certified by the Ministry of Education and Training to enter Vietnam for teaching and researching;

The employee enters Vietnam to provide professional and engineering consulting services or perform other tasks intended for research, formulation, appraisal, supervision, evaluation, management and execution of programs and projects using official development assistance (ODA) in accordance with regulations or agreement in international treaties on ODA signed between the competent authorities of Vietnam and foreign countries;

The employee is sent to Vietnam by competent foreign agency or organization to teach and research at international schools under the management of foreign diplomatic missions or the United Nations; establishment and organization established under the agreement which Vietnam has signed and acceded to;

The employee enters Vietnam to implement an international agreement to which a central or provincial authority is a signatory as per the law;

Person obtains an official passport to work for a regulatory agency, political organization, or socio-political organization;

Relatives of members of foreign representative missions in Vietnam;

In cases where the provisions of an international treaty to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a signatory;

Head of representative office, project or is responsible for the activities of international organizations, foreign non-governmental organizations in Vietnam;

The employee is a volunteer;

The student studies at a foreign school or training institution which has a probation agreement with an agency, organization or enterprise in Vietnam; or a probationer or apprentice on a Vietnam sea-going ship;

The employee is a foreigner who marries a Vietnamese and lives in the territory of Vietnam.

This Decree takes effect from February 15, 2021.

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How Pilot Program Using Mobile Money for Payment is Regulated?

 

 With the development of the information technology industry, there is a trend to simplify the process and procedures for making transactions making it becomes easier, faster and more convenient for users. Hence mobile money has become a new trend in transferring money, making payment in many countries.

To develop non-cash payments, increase access and use of financial services, especially in rural, mountainous, remote, border and island areas of Vietnam, as well as taking advantage of infrastructure, data, telecommunications networks, reducing social costs to develop, expanding non-cash payment channels on mobile devices, bringing convenience to users, on March 9, 2021, the Vietnam Prime Minister issued Decision No. 316/QD-TTg on approving the pilot implementation program of using telecommunications accounts to pay for goods and services with small value (Mobile - Money).

The pilot subjects are enterprises that have a license to provide electronic wallet payment intermediary services and a license to establish public mobile terrestrial telecommunications networks using radio frequency bands or the subsidiary is licensed by the parent company to establish a mobile public ground telecommunication network using radio frequency bands and allows the use of telecommunications infrastructure, networks and data.

Individual customers who register and use the Mobile-Money service must provide an Identification Card (ID)/ Citizen Identification/ Passport that coincides with the customer's mobile subscriber number registration information and Identification and authentication piloted by enterprises in accordance with the Government's regulations on mobile subscriber registration; and the number of mobile subscribers must have the period of activating and using continuously for at least three consecutive months up to the time of registering to open and use Mobile-Money service. Each customer is only allowed to open one Mobile-Money account at each pilot enterprise.

The pilot implementation is applied nationwide, in which the pilot enterprise must give priority to the pilot implementation of Mobile-Money service in rural, mountainous, remote areas, Vietnam's borders and islands.

The pilot enterprise is only allowed to provide Mobile-Money service to transfer money and pay for legal goods and services in Vietnam in accordance with the current law to serve the needs of daily life; the pilot implementation of Mobile-Money service only applies to legal domestic transactions in accordance with Vietnamese law provisions in VND, not to make payment/ remittance for goods and services provided across borders.

The pilot implementation period is set to be two years from the time the first enterprise conducting the pilot is approved for pilot implementation of Mobile-Money service. Transaction limit must not exceed 10 million VND/month/Mobile-Money account for total transactions: withdrawal, money transfer and payment.

Financial and banking lawyers at ANT Lawyers, a law firm in Vietnam with offices in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang will always follow up with new developments in regulation and provide clients with update.

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Can Foreign Invested Enterprises Distribute Pharmaceutical Products in Vietnam?

 

 Currently, with the complicated developments of the Covid-19 epidemic in the world in general and in Vietnam in particular, the research, production and import of Covid-19 vaccines are the matter that everyone is concerned about. On February 24th, 2021, the first batch of vaccine approved for import was transported to Vietnam by the Vietnam Vaccine Joint Stock Company.

Facing this situation, a number of foreign enterprises have expressed their opinions on the limitations imposed on foreign-invested enterprises in the field of distribution of pharmaceutical products in Vietnam. Vietnam has reserved no commitment to open the distribution of pharmaceutical products service market and has not committed to opening the distribution of pharmaceutical products service market under any trade agreement or international treaty up to the moment, because the pharmaceutical sector is sensitive, directly related to access to drugs and people's health.

According to the provisions of the law, “distribution of pharmaceutical products” means the division, movement and storage of pharmaceutical products from the warehouse of the manufacturer/importer of such products or from a distributor to the end user thereof or to a distribution point or between distribution points by means of various transport methods. For distribution services, in the WTO Commitments, it is clear that pharmaceutical distribution services are excluded from the scope of commitments for all modes of supply. In addition, Appendix 03 of Circular 24/2016/TT- publicizing roadmaps for goods trade and goods trading directly related activities of foreign-invested enterprises in Vietnam, it is also recognized that pharmaceutical products are on the list of goods not entitled to distribution.

Regarding this issue, the Drug Administration of Vietnam expressed the following viewpoint: “The suspension of allowing foreign-invested enterprises in Vietnam to provide drug storage and transportation services is to prevent the distribution of disguised drugs in Vietnam, contributing to health security and towards the professionalization of the medicine distribution system in Vietnam.”

Point c, Clause 10, Article 91 of Decree 54/2017/ND-CP, effective from May 8, 2017, provides for cases ineligible to distribute drugs as follows:

"10. The entities that are entitled to import but not entitled to distribute drugs and medicinal ingredients in Vietnam must do activities related to distribution of drugs and medicinal ingredients in Vietnam except for drugs and medicinal ingredients they manufacture in Vietnam, including:

c) Providing drug/medicinal ingredient transport or storage services."

According to this content, foreign-invested enterprises in Vietnam are not allowed to transport and preserve drugs, except for drugs and medicinal ingredients manufactured by that enterprise in Vietnam. It can be seen that the restriction on the right to distribute drugs to foreign-invested enterprises is aimed at ensuring health security, being proactive in drug supply and distribution, towards to professionalize the domestic drug distribution system as a foundation to support the development of the domestic pharmaceutical industry and contributing to better control of drug prices in the market.

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